• Words used for each declension
  • masc
    • a - purisa
    • ā - sā
    • i - aggi
    • ī - daṇḍī
    • u - bhikkhu
    • ū - sayambhū / sabbaññū
    • o - go
  • fem
    • ā - kaññā
    • i - ratti
    • ī - itthī / nadī
    • u - yāgu
    • ū - vadhū
  • nt.
    • a -
    • i - aṭṭhi
    • ī - sukhakārī (the dāna that brings happiness)
    • u - cakkhu
    • ū - gotrabhū
    • (o - cittagu)
      • rūpasiddhi’s idea
      • other grammarians do not consider so
• Cittādigaṇa
• Pumādigaṇa
  • Declension of yuva (m.) (pumādigaṇa) (to be added)
  • Declension of addha (m.) (pumādigaṇa) (to be added)
• Rājādigaṇa
  • Declension of brahma (rājādigaṇa) (to be added)
  • Declension of sakhā (m.) (rajādigaṇa) (not for exam) (to be added)
• Satthādigaṇa
• Guṇavantādigaṇa
• Gacchantādigaṇa
  • karonta (to be added)
  • bhavanta (to be added)
• Rattādigaṇa

  • Declension of sā (m.) (rattādigaṇa)

    case	singular	plural
    nom.	sā	sā, sāno
    voc.	(he) sa, sā	(he) “
    acc.	sānaṁ	sāne
    ins. / abl.	sānā	sānehi, sānebhi
    dat. / gen.	sāssa	sānaṁ
    loc.	sāne	sānesu

    • mem aid:
      • the dog is healthy (sano)
      • long vocative form
    • note:
      • he is a more informal address
      • rūpasiddhi gives a different declension and says that paccakkhadhammā and gāṇḍīvadhanvā are declined as this

  • Declension of go (m.) (rattādigaṇa - only this word)

    case	singular	plural
    nom.	go	gāvo, gavo
    voc.	(he) go	(he) gāvo, gavo
    acc.	gāvaṁ, gavaṁ, gāvuṁ	gāvo, gavo
    ins.	gāvena, gavena	gohi, gobhi
    dat./gen.	gāvassa, gavassa	gavaṁ, gonaṁ, gunnaṁ
    abl.	gāvasmā, gāvamhā, gāvā, gavasma, gavamhā, gavā	gohi, gobhi
    loc.	gāvasmiṁ, gāvamhi, gāve, gavasmiṁ, gavasmiṁ, gave	gāvesu, gavesu, gosu

    • mem aid:
      • both ā and a versions
      • acc. gāvuṁ
      • dat./gen.pl. gavaṁ, gonaṁ, gunnaṁ

  • Declension of aṭṭhi (nt.) (rattādigaṇa)

    case	singular	plural
    nom.	aṭṭhi	aṭṭhī, aṭṭhīni
    voc.	(bho) aṭṭhi	(bhavantāni) aṭṭhī, aṭṭhīni
    acc.	aṭṭhiṁ	aṭṭhī, aṭṭhīni

    • (the rest like aggi)
    • mem aid: close to aggi

  • Declension of sukhakārī (nt.) (rattādigaṇa)

    case	singular	plural
    nom.	sukhakāri	sukhakārī, sukhakārīni
    acc.	sukhakāriṁ, sukhakārinaṁ	…

    • (the rest as daṇḍī)
    • note:
      • long vowel becomes short when neuter: sukharārī ⇒ sukhakāri dānaṁ

  • Declension of cakkhu (nt.) (rattādigaṇa)

    case	singular	plural
    nom.	cakkhu	cakkhū, cakkhūni

    • (the rest like bhikkhu)
    • note:

  • Declension of gotrabhū (nt.) (rattādigaṇa)

    case	singular	plural
    nom.	gotrabhu	gotrabhū, gotrabhūni

    • (the rest like sayambhū)

    • note:

      • Some grammarians consider ‘cittagu’ as a neuter okāranta stem, since ‘gu’ sound at the end of that stem derives from ‘go’. In fact, it’s an ukāranta stem, because after the word formation, cittagu is ending with ‘u’. Therefore, a declension of neuter okāranta stems is not shown in this book.
• Sabbanāmagaṇa
  • Declension of the pronoun ‘pubba’ (sabbanāmagaṇa)

    • masculine

      case	singular	plural
      nom.	pubbo	pubbe, pubbā
      voc.	(bho) pubba, pubbā	(bhonto) pubbe, pubbā
      acc.	pubbaṁ	pubbe
      ins.	pubbena	pubbehi, pubbebhi
      dat./gen.	pubbassa	pubbesaṃ, pubbesānaṁ
      abl.	pubbasmā, pubbamhā, pubbā	pubbehi, pubbebhi
      loc.	pubbasmiṁ, pubbamhi, pubbe	pubbesu

      • mem aid: like sabba, but with some purisa forms in nom. and voc. pl., abl. sgl., and loc. sgl.

    • neuter

      case	singular	plural
      nom.	pubbaṁ	pubbe, pubbā, pubbāni
      voc.	(bho) pubba, pubbā	(bhavantāni) pubbe, pubbā, pubbāni
      acc.	pubbaṁ	pubbe, (pubbā?), pubbāni

      • (the remaining as the masculine)
      • mem aid: like sabba, but with some purisa forms in nom. and voc. pl., abl. sgl., and loc. sgl.

    • feminine

      • as sabba
  • Declension of the pronoun ‘ya’ (sabbanāmagaṇa)
    • as sabba in three genders, but without vocative forms
    • note: from ya onwards, the pronouns do not have vocative forms
  • Declension of the pronoun ‘ima’ (sabbanāmagaṇa)

    • masculine

      case	singular	plural
      Nom.	ayaṁ	ime
      Acc.	imaṁ	”
      Ins.	iminā, anena	imehi, imebhi, ehi, ebhi
      Dat/Gen.	imassa, assa	imesaṁ, imesānaṁ, esaṁ, esānaṁ
      Abl.	imasmā, asmā, imamhā	imehi, imebhi, ehi, ebhi
      Loc.	imasmiṁ, asmiṁ, imamhi	imesu, esu

      • mem aid: shortened forms with a- in sgl. and e- in pl. from acc. onwards

    • neuter

      case	singular	plural
      Nom./Acc.	idaṁ, imaṁ	ime, imāni

      • (the rest as the masculine)

    • feminine

      case	singular	plural
      Nom.	ayaṁ	imā, imāyo
      Acc.	imaṁ	”
      Ins./Abl.	imāya	imāhi, imābhi
      Dat/Gen.	imāya, imissā, imissāya, assā, assāya	imāsaṁ, imāsānaṁ
      Loc.	imāyaṁ, imissaṁ, assaṁ	imāsu

  • Declension of the pronoun ‘amu’ (sabbanāmagaṇa)

    • masculine

      case	singular	plural
      Nom.	amu, asu	amū
      Acc.	amuṁ	”
      Ins.	amunā	amūhi, amūbhi
      Dat/Gen.	amussa	amūsaṁ, amūsānaṁ
      Abl.	amusmā, amumhā	amūhi, amūbhi
      Loc.	amusmiṁ, amumhi	amūsu

      • mem aid: forms with a- in sgl. and forms with e- in pl.
      • note: amuka [amu+ka] is declined in purisādi, cittādi and kaññādi groups

    • neuter

      case	singular	plural
      Nom./Acc.	aduṁ	amū, amūni

      • (the rest as the masculine)

    • feminine

      case	singular	plural
      Nom.	amu, asu	amū, amuyo
      Acc.	amuṁ	”
      Ins./Abl.	amuyā	amūhi, amūbhi
      Dat/Gen.	amuyā, amussā	amūsaṁ, amūsānaṁ
      Loc.	amuyaṁ, amussaṁ	amūsu

      • note: no amuyā in loc.
  • Declension of the pronoun ‘eka’ (sabbanāmagaṇa)

    • masculine

      case	singular
      nom.	eko
      acc.	ekaṁ
      ins.	ekena
      dat./gen.	ekassa
      abl.	ekasmā, ekamhā
      loc.	ekasmiṁ, ekamhi
      nom./acc.	ekaṁ

    • neuter
      • (the rest as in masculine)

    • feminine

      case	singular
      nom.	ekā
      acc.	ekaṁ
      ins./abl.	ekāya
      dat./gen.	ekāya, ekissā
      loc.	ekāya, ekāyaṁ, ekassaṁ, ekissaṁ

      • note: this is the only declension in sabbanāmagaṇa that has the form ekāya in loc.
    • 3 meanings of eka used in ekavacana and one in bahuvacana
      • declined as ekavacana
        • saṅkhyā: number (eko dve tayo; eko puriso āgacchati)
        • asadisa: unequalled, without equal (eko’mhi sammāsambuddho [I am the one and only fully self awakened, not simply ‘one’])
        • asahāya: without a friend, alone (eko rāja nipajjāmi [I sleep alone, king])
      • declined as bahuvacana
        • ekacce: some (eke vadanti [some say]; appekacce) - declined as sabba
        • note: there are other meanings as well

  • Declension of the pronoun ‘ubha’ (sabbanāmagaṇa) (same declension for the 3 genders, only plural)

    case	singular
    nom./acc.	ubho, ubhe
    ins./abl.	ubhohi, ubhobhi, ubhehi, ubhebhi
    dat./gen.	ubhinnaṁ
    loc.	ubhosu, ubhesu

  • Declension of the pronoun ‘dvi’ (sabbanāmagaṇa) (same declension for the 3 genders, only plural)

    case	singular
    nom./acc.	dve, duve
    ins./abl.	dvīhi, dvībhi
    dat./gen.	dvinnaṃ, duvinnaṃ
    loc.	dvīsu

  • Declension of the pronoun ‘ti’ (sabbanāmagaṇa) (only plural)

    • masculine

      case	singular
      nom./acc.	tayo
      ins./abl.	tīhi, tībhi
      dat./gen.	tiṇṇaṁ, tiṇṇannaṁ
      loc.	tīsu
      nom./acc.	tīṇi

    • neuter
      • (the rest as the masculine)

    • feminine

      case	singular
      nom./acc.	tisso
      dat./gen.	tissannaṁ

      • (the rest as the masculine)
  • Declension of the pronoun ‘catu’ (sabbanāmagaṇa) (only plural)

    • masculine

      case	singular
      nom./acc.	cattāro (,caturo)
      ins./abl.	catūhi, catūbhi
      dat./gen.	catunnaṁ
      loc.	catūsu
      nom./acc.	cattāri

    • neuter
      • (the rest as masculine)

    • feminine

      case	singular
      nom./acc.	catasso
      dat./gen.	catassannaṁ

      • (the rest as masculine)
• Numbers 5-18 (aliṅgika)
• Number 19 and onwards are singular unless refering to collections (dve vīsatiyo)