• khandhakavinaya ‒ Bhante Siddhatthālaṅkāra
  • vattakkhandhaka
    • (based on sāsanāvataranāya, comm. and sub-c.)
    • intro
      • vatta→duty / protocol / proper conduct
      • purpose: aids one's development and the sāsana's
      • extra notes:
        • categories of vattas
          • individuals: to teachers, guests, etc
          • in locations: monastery, forest, alms hall, etc
          • tasks: anumodanā, piṇḍapāta, departing monasteries
      • gāthā ‒ "vattaṁ na paripūrento...
        • Vattaṃ na paripūrento na sīlaṃ paripūrati, asuddhasīlo duppañño cittekaggaṃ na vindati. Vikkhittacitto nekaggo saddhammaṃ na ca passati apassamāno saddhammaṃ dukkhā na parimuñcati. (vnyvncy) One who does not fulfill their duties (vatta) he does not complete their moral conduct (sīla). One, without having pure sīla, cannot attain concentration. A distracted and unsettled mind does not see the Dhamma. Without seeing the Dhamma, one cannot be freed from suffering.
      • consequences of failing to perform the duties for sāmaṇeras and upas
        • sāmaṇeras: punishment
        • bhikkhus: dkṭ
      • 14 duties in cūḷavagga (with gāthā)
        • āgantukavatta – duties of guests
        • āvāsikavatta – duties of residents / hosts
        • piṇḍacārikavatta – duties of monks who go for alms round
        • senāsanavatta – duties regarding lodgings
        • āraññakavatta – duties for forest dwellers
        • anumodanāvatta – duties of the monk who give dhamma talk after the meal
        • bhattaggavatta – duties in the refectory
        • gamikavatta – duties of travelers
        • jantāgharavatta – duties in the sauna
        • vaccakuṭivatta – duties in the toilet
        • ācariyavatta – duties toward the teacher
        • upajjhāyavatta – duties toward the preceptor
        • saddhivihārikavatta – duties toward the students of an upajjhāya
        • antevāsikavatta – duties toward the students of an ācariya
        • summary of the 14 duties in vinayavinicchaya ‒ "āgantukāvāsika...
          • Āgantukāvāsika piṇḍacārī - senāsanāraññanumodanāsu vattāni bhatte gamikassa jantā - ghare tathā vaccakuṭippavese ācariyupajjhāyaka sissa saddhi - vihāri vattāni pi sabbasova, vattāni vuttāni catuddaseva - visuddhacittena vināyakena.
      • among these duties, which of them are of and which are toward the respective person?
        • of
          • āgantukavatta: duties of guests
          • āvāsikavatta: duties of residents / hosts
        • toward
          • ācariyavatta: duties toward the teacher
          • upajjhāyavatta – duties toward the preceptor
          • saddhivihārikavatta – duties toward the students of an upajjhāya
          • antevāsikavatta – duties toward the students of an ācariya
    • āgantuka #edited
      • āgantuka (definition)→ekasmiṃ gāme aññavihārato āgatopi āgantukova (vjrbd); guest, incoming monk (vihāra here is monastery, not dwelling; confirm) #q🙋🏼‍♂
        • how long one is āgantuka
          • āgantukavatta: if many āgantukas come regularly, 1 day if not, 2 or 3 days
          • mahāpaccariya: 7 days
          • jnkbvs: 3 to 7 days
          • (contemporary) mahāvihāra's practice: 3 days
      • āgantukavatta is the duty done by whom?
        • the duties of the guest monk (when visiting another monastery)
      • āgantukavatta
        • before entering the monastery
          • remove any footwear (if not, disrespect)
          • fold / put away the umbrella
          • uncover the head (ṭnsr: robes were kept folded on the head while travelling)
        • entering the monastery
          • calmly and respectfully
          • go to the gathering place
          • place the robe and bowl on a suitable place
          • wash feet / footwear ‒ protocol
            • not with drinking water
            • take a cup of washing water from a container with one hand and pour it
            • don't wash the feet with the same hand that takes the water
              • na teneva hatthena pādā dhovitabbā (clv) #nakāras
          • respect the senior / accept respect from junior
        • ask about
          • necessities
            • location of drinking / washing water before use
            • walking stick (if needed)
          • orientation
            • toilets, excreting / urinating places, waste disposal areas
            • dangerous areas (animals, amanussas)
              • kesuci ṭhānesu vāḷamigā vā amanussā vā honti, tasmā “Kaṃ kālaṃ pavisitabbaṃ, kaṃ kālaṃ nikkhamitabba”nti pucchitabbaṃ. (clv-a)
          • Saṅgha katikavatta→rules & regulations established by the saṅgha, such as the appropriate times to enter and leave the village
          • alms
            • consider whether the alms place is gocara / agocara
            • consider whether there are sekkha families / micchādiṭṭhi
            • the distance to the alms-going village
            • time for alms
        • with regard to the dwelling place
          • ask whether it was previously inhabited
          • if not, examine before entering
          • kavāṭaṃ ākoṭetvā muhuttaṃ āgametvā ghaṭikaṃ ugghāṭetvā kavāṭaṃ paṇāmetvā bahi ṭhitena nilloketabbo (clv) (knock on the door, wait for a moment, unlock it, and open it while staying outside for a while) (clv-a) bahi ṭhitenāti bahi nikkhamantassa ahino vā amanussassa vā maggaṃ datvā ṭhitena nilloketabbo. (sometimes, snakes [or other animals] inside the hut come out, and non-human beings leave)
          • if dirty, clean it inside and outside, including the yard
            • if very big, clean the place that one is going to use (bed, bathroom, etc.) (confirm) #q🙋🏼‍♂
          • bring water, if needed
    • āvāsika
    • piṇḍacārika
      • background
        • monk entered a room mistakenly; woman nakes there; husband hit him; wife freed him; B laid the vatta
      • before going
        • wear lower robe
        • tie belt
        • put 2 robes together wear them
        • fix knot
        • wash bowl
        • enter village calmly
        • follow sekhia rules
          • suppaṭicchanna...susaṁvuta...okkhittacakkhu...na ukkhittakāya...na ujjagghikāya...appasaddena...na kāya / bāhu / sīsa ppacālaka...na khambhakato...na oguṇṭhito...na ukkuṭikāya
      • entering a house
        • know where to enter and exit
        • midfully
        • prohibition
          • nāti sahasā pavisitabbaṁ (enter not too hastily) #nakāras
          • Nāti sahasā nikkhamitabbaṃ.5 #nakāras
            • seems like a criminal
          • Nātidūre ṭhātabbaṃ, nāccāsanne ṭhātabbaṃ.6 #nakāras
            • A monk should neither stay too far nor too close to the house or lay devotees
              • too far: they cannot notice / identify him too close: may see / hear innapropriate things
          • Nāticiraṃ ṭhātabbaṃ. Nātilahuṃ nivattitabbaṃ.8 #nakāras
            • A monk should not stand for too long, nor should one leave too quickly.
              • too long: discomfort or resentment in those who are unwilling to offer alms; if he frequently waits in places where alms are regularly given, he might not receive those offers. Because such regular donors may assume he has left that area or he would not come on today.9
              • too short: donors miss the opportunity to gain merit through giving. Similarly, the monk himself may not receive sufficient alms for the day.
        • waiting
          • observe signs of wanting to give
          • open robe slightly with left hand and hold bowl with both hands when acceptin food
            • maybe ok with the right nowadays
          • wait until everything is offered
        • prohibition about looking at the donor
          • Na ca bhikkhādayikāya mukhaṃ ulloketabbaṃ.10 He should not look at the face of the donor. #nakāras
            • should also be applied in households, not only pindapata
        • after receiving food
          • cover the bowl with robe
          • return to monastery
        • arriving back at the monastery
          • first to arrive
            • arrange seats
            • drinking / washing water
            • food container for extra food
          • last to arrive
            • remove leftover
            • clean container
            • put back seats
            • wash water containers
            • sweep
        • how to get assistance from another monk to do something
          • summon him with hand gestures, without unnecessary sounds
          • related sutta: cūḷagosiṅgasutta and comm.: Vs. Anuruddha, Nandiya and Kimbila
    • senāsana #edited
      • background
        • chabbaggiyas dusted carpets, etc. against the wind, covering sewing monks with dust, leading to the senāsanavatta
          • related prohibitions
            • Na bhikkhusāmantā / vihārasāmantā / pānīyasāmantā / paribhoganīyasāmantā / paṭivāte senāsanaṁ papphoṭetabbaṁ (senāsana should not be dusted / beaten near bhikkhus / dwellings / drinking water / washing water / against the wind) #nakāras
            • adhovāte senāsanaṁ papphoṭetabbaṁ (senāsana should be dusted / beated downwind / leeward (where dust will not blow back))
      • senāsanavatta
        • in any vihāra / āvāsa
          • keep all utensils, premises, dining halls, kitchens, bodhi, etc. clean, removing trash (share responsibilities among residents)
            • cleaning
              • move things to a side / outside without hitting / damaging walls, doors, etc. (bowls, robes, sitting cloths, mattress covers, bed sheets, beds, chairs, leaning wooden planks, pillows, mattresses, spittoon, etc.
              • wipe, clean, and dry items outside
              • remove cobwebs carefully from top to bottom (ceiling, walls): suggested in one direction to allow spider to escape
                • sace vihāre santānakaṃ hoti, ullokā paṭhamaṃ ohāretabbaṃ
                  • ullokā→gehassa uparibhāgato paṭṭhāya, paṭhamaṃ uparibhāgo sammajjitabboti vuttaṃ hoti #[[pāḷi vocab (3rd year)]]
                  • santānakaṁ→uṇṇanābhisuttaṃ #[[pāḷi vocab (3rd year)]]
              • wipe off mold with a damp cloth if needed
              • non paved floor (akatā bhūmi): sprinkle water (to prevent dust rising) and sweep; if paved (katā bhūmi), sweep
              • place items outside back to their place
              • leave a 2 / 3 inch gap between the furniture and walls to allow cleaning
                • sace pana paṭhamaṃ ajānantena kenaci paññattaṃ ahosi, samantato bhittiṃ dvaṅgulamattena vā tivaṅgulamattena vā mocetvā paññapetabbaṃ
          • windows ‒ when to close / open
            • dust: close those from the side where dusty winds come
            • not opened continuously in a way that leads to the deterioration of the dwelling
            • seasons:
              • cold season: open during the day, close during the night ‒ to allow warmth to come in and be maintained during the night
              • hot season: close during the day, open during the night ‒ to keep the dwelling cool
          • keep drinking / washing water available
        • when staying with a senior (ekavihāre viharati)
          • without permission, one should not:
            • teach the Pāḷi / comm.
            • recite, read aloud, etc.
            • answer questions, discuss Dhamma
            • light / put out lamps: nowadays, turning on / off the lights
            • opening / closing windows: doesn't include main doors frequently used
              • clv-a: dvāraṃ nāma yasmā mahāvaḷañjaṃ, tasmā tattha āpucchanakiccaṃ natthi
                • vātapāna [vāta + pāna]↔nt. window; lit. drinking air #[[pāḷi vocab (3rd year)]]
                • vaḷañja↔nt. (in cpds), track, trace, use, that which is secreted; -ti pr. uses; consumes; partakes (of) #[[pāḷi vocab (3rd year)]]
            • note: overall, the junior should not disturb the senior (follow duties without causing inconvenience), and the latter should not oppress the junior
              • does permission have to be sought every time?
                • the senior may grant permission to the junior to do as he pleases (yathāsukhaṁ viharāhi) in general or about something specific; the junior may request such general permission
                • sabhāgassa vissāsenāpi vaṭṭatiyeva (acting on mutual trust is allowable [but permission should not be easily disregarded])
              • what is the meaning of vihāra here (ekavihāre viharati) and in other places?
                • here
                  • comm.: vihāro nāma aṭṭhāyogādimuttako avasesāvāso (vihāra [here] means the remaining dwelling places that are not categorized under aḍḍhayoga / aṭṭhāyoga, etc. (what is it?) #q🙋🏼‍♂
                  • srtdpn: some say: ettha tassa ovorake taduparacāre ca (senior monk’s room and its surrounding area)
                  • jnk: applicable in the entire monastery; permission should be granted by the most senior
                  • bhante: one dwelling / building; otherwise, there could be issues with upajjhāya- / nissaya-gahaṇa
                • in other places
                  • prjk-a (vihārakārasikkhāpada): vihāroti na sakalavihāro (not the entire monastery), eko āvāso (one dwelling), tenevāha (for that reason it was said) – 'Ayassa vihāraṃ kārāpessāmī'ti
                  • pc-a: atha kho vihāroti antogabbho (room) vā aññaṃ vā sabbaparicchinnaṃ (all covered) guttasenāsanaṃ veditabbaṃ
              • application in common places
                • comm: bhojanasālādisu evameva paṭipajjitabbaṁ
                  • srtdpn: bhojanasālādisu uddesadānādīni āpucchitvāva kātabbanti attho (in places like the dining hall, activities like teaching the Dhamma should be done with the permission of the senior)
                  • byatirekanaya: it appears that in such common places, permission may not be necessary for tasks like opening and closing doors and windows or turning lights on and off, though it is suitable to do ask permission (where is this naya from?) #q🙋🏼‍♂
                    • byatireka↔masc. (logic) negative, negation 2 (gram) negative, negation
        • when doing walking meditation in the same caṅkama (ekacaṅkame caṅkamati)
          • one should turn toward the side where the senior is (avoiding giving the back) ‒ yena vuḍḍho tena parivattitabbaṃ (vuḍḍhābhimukhena parivattitabbaṃ) (is this nakāra?) #q🙋🏼‍♂
          • one should not hit the senior with the edge of the robe when turning ‒ na ca vuḍḍho saṅghāṭikaṇṇena ghaṭṭetabbo #nakāras
    • araññaka
      • background
        • criminals asked for water, fire and directions from forest monks; monks didn't know; criminals thought they were not monks but thieves; beat them; B laid the vatta
      • nakkhattapada↔constellations used for calculating the time and directions
      • before going to the village
        • keep belongings in the kuti
        • close windows and doors
        • wear robes, sandals
      • before entering the village
        • remove sandals, wear full robe
        • may bring slippers in slipper bag and hang it over the shoulder
        • follow pindacarika duties
      • if no water outside the village
        • wash bowl in the village before leaving
      • if water
        • may wash outside the vilage
      • maybe they ate in the village or close to the village
      • leaving the village
        • put bowl on bowl bag and over the shoulder
        • fold the robe and put it on the head
          • this was done when travelling in the forest
        • wear sandals
        • back to monastery
      • keep drinking / washing water; at least one container if 2 are not available
        • if no container: use bamboo joints, etc., or small ponds, pit
      • fire
        • kindle a fire or at least fire-generating sticks available
        • if tools are available to rekindle a fire when needed, one need not make it frequently
        • when travelling, such fire-making tools should be carried
        • matches / lighters / rods ok
        • useful for protection agains animals and sickness
        • if many residents, not all need to have such firemaking materials
      • walking stick
        • should always have one in the forest
        • protection against threats
      • should know
        • time: days, months, seasons
        • constellations nakkhattapadāni uggahetabbāni sakalāni vā ekadesāni vā
          • constellations, lunar phases
          • brahmajālasutta: nakkhattaggāha as livelihood not ok
          • tns: minimum: uposathas
        • directions: to guide others and not to get lost
    • anumodanā
      • allowance
        • “Anujānāmi bhikkhave, bhattagge anumodituṁ” (I permit O monks to express appreciation for dhamma discourse after receiving alms from donors.) #[[anuññā ]]
      • monks didn't know who should do it ‒ allowance
        • Anujānāmi bhikkhave, therena bhikkhunā bhattagge anumodituṁ3 which means I permit a senior monk to deliver an appreciation dhamma talk after receiving alms, O monks. #[[anuññā ]]
      • monks left V. Sāriputta behind ‒ allowance
        • Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhattagge catūhi pañcahi therānutherehi bhikkhūhi āgametuṃ.4 Monks, I allow four or five elder monks or near elders to remain at the alms hall
          • comm:
            • most senior gives the talk, 4 or 5 next in seniority should stay
            • anuthera gives the talk, most senior and another 3 next in seniority should stay
              • anuthera↔the second eldest
            • 5th eldest gives the talk, 4 seniors should stay
            • new / majjhima monk gives the talk, 4/5 most sernios should remain
            • if the talker says that they don't need to stay, all can leave
            • asking if it's ok to leave from the talker, is ok
            • if sick / needs toilet, inform a nearby monk and go
            • allowance for leaving
              • Anujānāmi bhikkhave satikaraṇīye ānantarikaṃ bhikkhuṃ āpucchitvā gantuṃ.5 #[[anuññā ]]
            • donors invite a specific monk to give the anumodanā,
              • the talker need not seek permission fro the eldest, anāpatti, eldest is not required to remain
              • if upanisinnakathā, permission is necessary
              • upanisinnakathā↔sermon delivered in places where many people have gathered (srtdpn)
                • jnk: 2 ways
                  • big crowd and sangha present (requires permission)
                  • talk given to a group that approaches in a monk in a private setting (grammatical interpretation)
            • procedure for upanisinnakathā
              • eldest should give
              • eldest should appoint one monk
              • sangha should approved a monk
              • talk in an orderly manner
              • preacher should ask permission
              • prohibition and allowance
                • Na bhikkhave saṅghamajjhe anajjhittheṇa dhammo bhāsitabbo, yo bhāseyya āpatti dukkaṭassa. (without permission / appointment) #nakāras
                • Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, therena bhikkhunā sāmaṃ vā dhammaṃ bhāsituṃ paraṃ vā ajjhesitunti. 9 #[[anuññā ]]
            • anumodanā in the monastery
              • seems that these rules should be followed (monks should remain, or precher should give them permission to leave, etc.)
    • bhatagga
      • meaning of bhattagga refers to which places
        • where laypeople offer alms to monks
        • vnyalkr: place where alms are received
          • V. Gāravābhivaṁsa: 2 interpretations
            • 1. Bhattaṃ gaṇhāti etthāti bhattaggaṁ – The place where alms are accepted is called bhattagga
            • 2. Bhattaṃ gasanti etthāti bhattaggaṁ – The place where alms are eaten is called bhattagga.
            • 2Vinayālaṃkāra ṭīkā 2.13. Bhuñjitabbanti bhattaṃ. Ajati gacchati pavattati etthāti aggaṃ. "ādikoṭṭhāsakoṭīsu, puratoggaṃ vare tīsū"ti abhidhānappadīpikāyaṃ āgatepi "rājagganti rājārahaṃ, salākagganti salākaggahaṇaṭṭhāna"ntiādīsu aññatthesupi pavattanato bhattassa aggaṃ bhattaggaṃ, bhattaparivisanaṭṭhānaṃ, bhattagge vattitabbaṃ vattaṃ bhattaggavattanti viggaho.
      • bhattaggavatta
        • when the time for alms is announced
          • wear robes properly
          • tie belt
          • cover both shoulders
          • enter the village
        • entering the village
          • following sekhiyas
          • walking in a composed manners
          • seniors lead
        • what about in the monastery where the laity offers alms?
          • ancient comm: should tie belt
          • clv-a: Bhattaggavatte “Antogāmo vā hotu vihāro vā, manussānaṃ parivesanaṭṭhānaṃ gacchantena cīvaraṃ pārupitvā kāyabandhanaṃ bandhanameva vaṭṭatī”ti aṭṭhakathāsu vuttaṃ.
          • ?: within the monastery, no fault in not using the belt (what is the source?)
          • jnk: tying the belt and wearing the upper robe properly helps inspire faith and respect among the lay donors (vmtvndn)
          • vmtvndn: Manussānaṃ parivisanaṭṭhānanti yattha antovihārepi manussā saputtadārā āvasitvā bhikkhū netvā bhojenti 6 (even within the monastery, where the laity resides and offer alms is also considered a parivisanaṭṭhāna)
            • parivisanaṭṭhāna→place where food is served
              • parivisana or parivesana? #q🙋🏼‍♂
            • clarify these passages; it seems that vmt is saying we should wear belt and cover both shoulders
          • bhante (or someone else?): wearing full robe might have become a custom due to this understanding #q🙋🏼‍♂
        • prohibition related to walking with seniors
          • Na vokkamma therānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ purato purato gantabbaṁ. 7 Junior monks should not walk ahead of the senior monks. #nakāras
        • sekhiyas that apply when going / sitting for alms
          • suppaṭicchannasikkhāpadaṃ
            • 3. suppaṭicchanno antaraghare gamissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
            • 4. suppaṭicchanno antaraghare nisīdissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
          • susaṃvutasikkhāpadaṃ
            • 5. susaṃvuto antaraghare gamissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
            • 6. susaṃvuto antaraghare nisīdissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
          • okkhittacakkhusikkhāpadaṃ
            • 7. okkhittacakkhu antaraghare gamissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
            • 8. okkhittacakkhu antaraghare nisīdissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
          • ukkhittakasikkhāpadaṃ
            • 9. na ukkhittakāya antaraghare gamissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
            • 10. na ukkhittakāya antaraghare nisīdissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
          • ujjagghikasikkhāpadaṃ
            • 11. na ujjagghikāya antaraghare gamissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
            • 12. na ujjagghikāya antaraghare nisīdissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
          • uccasaddasikkhāpadaṃ
            • 13. appasaddo antaraghare gamissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
            • 14. appasaddo antaraghare nisīdissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
          • kāyappacālakasikkhāpadaṃ
            • 15. na kāyappacālakaṃ antaraghare gamissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
            • 16. na kāyappacālakaṃ antaraghare nisīdissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
          • bāhuppacālakasikkhāpadaṃ
            • 17. na bāhuppacālakaṃ antaraghare gamissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
            • 18. na bāhuppacālakaṃ antaragharenisīdissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
          • sīsappacālakasikkhāpadaṃ
            • 19. na sīsappacālakaṃ antaraghare gamissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
            • 20. na sīsappacālakaṃ antaraghare nisīdissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
          • khambhakatasikkhāpadaṃ
            • 21. na khambhakato antaraghare gamissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
            • 22. na khambhakato antaraghare nisīdissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
          • oguṇṭhitasikkhāpadaṃ
            • 23. na oguṇṭhito antaraghare gamissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
            • 24. na oguṇṭhito antaraghare nisīdissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
          • ukkuṭikasikkhāpadaṃ
            • 25. na ukkuṭikāya antaraghare gamissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
          • pallatthikasikkhāpadaṃ
            • 26. na pallatthikāya antaraghare nisīdissāmīti sikkhā karaṇīyā.
          • note:
            • the one that say "gamissāmi" apply to walking, while "nisīdissāmi" to sitting
            • 13 total: 11 with 2 rules, 2 with 1 rule
        • junior should not sit without encroaching on seniors or even juniors
        • leave 1 or 2 vacant seats for the eldest monk
        • conduct with regard to seats
          • if one seat is same height
            • junior should inform the senior that the seat is high #q🙋🏼‍♂
            • senior can grant permission for the junior to sit, if not dkṭ
            • if the junior sits without asking permission, dkṭ
            • if the senior does not give permission after the junior informs him, no offense to sit, but there is an offense for the senior monk
          • if the seats are lower than that of the senior
            • no offense for the junior to seat
          • if the seat is higher than that of the senior
            • junior should never sit there even with permission
              • Therāsanato pana uccatare āpucchitvāpi nisīdituṃ na vaṭṭati. Yadi āsannampi nīcataraṃ hoti, anāpucchāpi nisīdituṃ vaṭṭati.10
          • senior should follow seat arrangement
          • if its an honorable seat
            • junior should never sit there even with permission; regardless of the height (this applies when the senior is there)
          • prohibition about seats
            • Na navā bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhitabbā.11 Junior monks should not be prevented from taking their seats. #nakāras
              • In fact, the senior monks should not obstruct or prevent younger monks from sitting in their designated places.
            • Na saṅghāṭiṃ ottharitvā antaraghare nisīditabbaṃ.12 Monks should not sit in the village with the robe (saṅghāṭi) placing underneath.: meaning‒ #nakāras
              • BuddhaJayanti: same
              • vmtvndn: Avattharitvāti pārutasaṅghāṭiṃ avattharitvā, anukkhipitvāti attho. avattharitvā: having the outer robe placed underneath anukkhipitvā: not lifting it up
                • sitting with the saṅghāṭi placed beneath oneself without raising it
              • jnk: saṅghāṭi here refers to:
                • 1. Both the single-layer robe (uttarāsaṅga) and the double-layer robe (saṅghāṭi) when worn together
                • 2. Only the single-layer robe when worn as an outer robe
                • reason: if there is water on the seat, it would mark the robes (what about sweat?) #q🙋🏼‍♂
                  • maybe it was a custom of leaving water vessels on seats (?) #q🙋🏼‍♂
                • one should lift and remove the sanghati before sitting
              • vylkr: sanghati should not be spread (attharitvā) and then sat on
                • agrees with the sekhiyas: na ukkhittakāya
                • maybe vmtvndn scribal error
          • follow sekhiyas when receiving alms
          • receiver water / food in the bowl holding it with both hands
          • only appropriate amount of food should be accepted
          • senior should do with regard to alms
            • tell donors to distrubute panitas like ghee, oil, sweets, equally among everyone, also rice and curries
            • if small quantity, should not announce distribution ; may cause inconvenience to donors
            • compassion for fellow monks
            • wisely manage offerings
          • if bowl on a stand, ok to hold it with one hand when seated; shows attentiveness and consideration for the donor and protects the bowl
          • sekhiyas applicable when receiving alms
            • sakkaccaṁ....pattasaññī...samasūpako...samatittikaṁ...
          • senior should (about starting eating) ‒ prohibition
            • Na tāva therena bhuñjitabbaṁ yāva na sabbesan odano sampatto hoti #nakāras
              • should not start before all have accepted rice
            • note: applicable when a small numbe of monks
            • if many monks, can start earlier
          • sekhiyas applicable when eating
            • sakkaccaṁ piṇḍapātaṁ bhuñjissāmī...pattasaññī...sapadānaṁ...samasūpakaṁ...na thūpakato omadditvā...na sūpaṁ vā byañjanaṁ vā....attano atthāya viññāpetvā...ujjhānasaññī...nātimahantaṁ....parimaṇḍalaṁ ālopaṁ....na anāhaṭe....na bhuñjamānena sabbaṁ hatthaṁ...na sakabalena...na piṇḍukkhepakaṁ...na kabalāvacchedakaṁ...na avagaṇḍakārakaṁ...na hatthaniddhunakaṁ...na capucapukārakaṁ...na surusurukārakaṁ...na hatthanillehakaṁ...na pattanillehakaṁ...na oṭṭhanillehakaṁ...na sāmisena hatthena...
          • senior should not (after eating)
            • Na tāva therena udakaṁ paṭiggahetabbaṁ.22 clv
            • accept washing water until others have finished
            • not wrong to accept and drink water either during the meal or after receiving alms. If the lay donors say, “Venerable Sir, please receive the water and wash your bowl and hands,” or if other monks say, “Venerable Sir, please accept water...
          • when washing and disposing of water
            • hold the bowl lower
            • prevent splashing water on one's robe, others, place
            • sekhiyas applied when washing the bowl
              • na sasitthakaṁ patta-dhovanaṁ antaraghare chaḍḍetabbaṁ.24
          • when leaving the alms hall
            • if seniors at a distance, juniors can leave first
            • if walking along a path, senior first
    • gamika
      • when departing
        • not abandon it in a way that leads to its deterioration
        • store items properly
        • shut doors and windows
        • clean trash
        • entrust the dwelling to another bhikkhu; if not available, a sāmaṇera, if not, ārāmika, if not, upāsaka
        • if no one
          • store things, shut doors as windows and leave
          • place bed on 4 stones; if more beds, on top of the first; chairs on top, store wooden / clay items saff
        • if roof leaking
          • repair it or make an effort to do so
          • if cannot, store things in a place they won't get wet
        • if many leakages
          • store things in the village; if not possible, in an open area, covered safely, safe from termites
            • comm: if senāsana built on stone pillars, and is safe from termites, one doesn't need to inform another before departing (only in the case of the leakages or any case?); nowadays this applies most of the time
              • Senāsanaṃ āpucchitabbanti ettha yaṃ pāsāṇapiṭṭhiyaṃ vā pāsāṇatthambhesu vā katasenāsanaṃ, yattha upacikā nārohanti, taṃ anāpucchantassāpi anāpatti.2
              • ṭns: suitable to inform regardless of how secure; sometimes, a legal requirement
    • jantāghara #edited
      • background
        • how walking and sauna were allowed
          • monks frequently consumed paṇītabhojana, had an imbalance of bodily humors, and were sick often; Jīvaka requested the B to allow walking and sauna; He allowed; it developed and included a chimney, clay vessels and fragrant clay for applying on the face
          • related allowance
            • Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, caṅkamañca jantāgharañca. #[[anuññā ]]
        • how the jantāgharavatta was laid down
          • chabbaggiyas, out of disrespect, excessively fueled the fire in the jantāghara, shut the door and sat at its entrance; monks inside fainted; B established the vatta
          • 2 related prohibitions
            • Na, bhikkhave, jantāghare therena bhikkhunā nivāriyamānena (preventing) anādariyaṃ paṭicca (out of disrespect) pahūtaṃ kaṭṭhaṃ āropetvā aggi dātabbo (adding extra firewood to the fire). Yo dadeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. #nakāras
            • Na, bhikkhave, dvāraṃ thaketvā (having shut the door) dvāre nisīditabbaṃ. Yo nisīdeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. #nakāras
      • where the fire should be placed
        • Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, khuddake jantāghare (in a small sauna) ekamantaṃ aggiṭṭhānaṃ kātuṃ (to make a fireplace on a side), mahallake majjhe (in a big one, on the center) #[[anuññā ]]
      • jantāgharavatta
        • before the sauna
          • clean: dispose of accumulated ashes, sweep
          • prepare clay / bathing powder for applying on the face and body
          • fill the water pot
          • apply clay on the face
          • cover the body front and back while entering and coming out; inside the sauna, one may be naked (with what do they cover themselves? antaravāsaka?) #q🙋🏼‍♂
            • Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tisso paṭicchādiyo – jantāgharapaṭicchādiṃ, udakapaṭicchādiṃ, vatthapaṭicchādiṁ. #[[anuññā ]]
              • clv-a: tisso paṭicchādiyoti ettha jantāgharapaṭicchādi ca udakapaṭicchādi ca parikammaṃ karontasseva (massage) vaṭṭati, sesesu abhivādanādīsu na vaṭṭati vatthapaṭicchādi sabbakammesu vaṭṭati.
        • inside the sauna
          • 3 prohibitions
            • Na there bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīditabbaṃ. (one should not sit encroaching on the seniors) (here, thera means any senior; confirm) #nakāras #q🙋🏼‍♂
            • Na navā bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhitabbā (one should not remove juniors from their seats) (here, nava bhikkhu means any junior monk; confirm) #nakāras #q🙋🏼‍♂
            • Na therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ puratopi nahāyitabbaṃ, na uparitopi nahāyitabbaṃ (should not bathe in front / above seniors). Nahātena uttarantena otarantānaṃ maggo dātabbo (after bathing, one should give way to an entering monk when one is coming out (isn't it better to let others leave before entering?) #q🙋🏼‍♂ #nakāras
              • Prof. Senaka Bandaranayake: acc. to archeological findings, some ancient janthāgharas in Anuradhapura had shallow basins (for medicines) and designated bathing areas
          • before leaving, the last monks should
            • clean muddy areas on the floor
            • wash pots
            • arrange seats
            • extinguish fire
            • close doors
    • vaccakuṭi #edited
      • vaccakuṭi: privy / restroom
      • khuddakavatthu khandhaka ‒ development of vaccakuṭi
        • monks urinated and defecated anywhere; it became dirty they did so to a side; smelly passāvaumbhiṁ (urine pot) vaccakūpaṁ (defecating pit / cesspit) proper toilet systems developed brahmin monk did not wash himself and had a worm
        • passāvaumbhiṁ↔urine pot
        • vaccakūpaṁ↔defecating pit / cesspit
      • juniors fainted waiting for the bathroom; prohibition and allowance
        • Na bhikkhave, vaccakuṭiyā yathāvuḍḍhaṃ vacco kātabbo. Yo kareyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. (Monks, one should not defecate according to seniority. If anyone does so, it entails a dukkaṭa offense.) #nakāras
        • Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āgatapaṭipāṭiyā vaccaṃ kātuṃ. (Monks, I permit using the toilet in the order of arrival.) #[[anuññā ]]
          • arrival→āgata #[[pāḷi vocab (3rd year)]]
        • note: applies to defecating, urinating and bathing
      • vaccakuṭivatta
        • before entering
          • clean the throat (signal) before entering to make sure there is no one inside
            • person inside should also clean his throat
          • knock on the door
          • keep robe on pole / cord before entering
            • various opinions with regard to monastery or village
              • ṭns: no need to remove upper robe for public restroom
        • inside the bathroom
          • enter / leaving unhurriedly and without lifting the robe
          • standing on footrests one can lift / lower the robe
          • while defecating one should not (includes 5 nakāras)
            • defecate outside the toilet bowl
            • groan
            • chew toothwood
              • comm.: even when defecating outside the toilet; nowadays: includes brushing teeth
            • 5 prohibitions related to washing oneself after defecating
              • if there is water:
                • na, bhikkhave, vaccaṃ katvā sati udake nācametabbaṃ. Yo nācameyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. (one should not not wash oneself if there is water available...) #nakāras
                • na capucapukārakaṃ ācametabbaṃ. (one should not make a smacking noise while rinsing after defecating) #nakāras
                • na ācamanasarāvake udakaṃ sesetabbaṃ. (water should not be left remaining in the small cup used for washing) #nakāras
                  • ācamanasarāvaka↔masc. dish for holding water (for sipping or washing) #[[pāḷi vocab (3rd year)]]
                  • bathrooms / situation in which this does / does not apply
                    • applies: public toilets
                    • does not apply:
                      • puggalika ones
                      • those at the end of a monastery (ekadese) that is used regularly by a monk
                      • if a monk has taken a purgative a needs to use the toilet repeatedly
                • note: it seems that cesspits were kept dry, so washing after defecating was done somewhere else (?) #q🙋🏼‍♂
              • if there is no water:
                • na pharusena kaṭṭhena avalekhitabbaṁ (one should not wipe oneself with a rough stick): if not rough, ok; toilet paper, ok #nakāras
                • na avalekhana kaṭṭhaṃ vaccakūpamhi pātetabbaṃ (wiping wooden sticks should not be dropped inside the toilet pit): nowadays, with toilet paper, it depends on the country laws; monks should comply with them #nakāras
                  • sace avalekhanapidharo pūro hoti, avalekhanakaṭṭhaṃ chaḍḍetabbaṃ (if the wiping-sticks container is full, one should empty it; if no sticks, refill): nowadays, empty bins and refill toilet paper; refilling water if needed
          • while urinating one should not
            • urinate outside the urinating trough
              • in the past, there were separate places for defecating / urinating
            • spit in the urinating trough
          • sace vaccakuṭi uhatā hoti, dhovitabbā (If the toilet has become dirty, it should be washed): purify water if needed; if it's one's own fault, it should not be left for another sahadhammika to clean; this should not be neglected
    • ācariya #edited
      • background
        • when preceptors passed away, went out, disrobed, or went to another religious sect (titthāyatana), disciple monks behaved inappropriately; ācariya was introduced minimum vassa to be ācariya: 10
      • extra notes:
        • definition of ācariya
          • vijjāsippaṃ ācārasamācāraṃ vā sikkhitukāmehi ādarena caritabbo upaṭṭhātabboti ācariyo (teacher is one towards whom one who wishes for training in knowledge of crafts, behavior and conduct should behave and attend with respect)
      • ācariyaggāha
        • IIT - Nissayamuttaka Course
      • ācariyavatta
        • who performs these duties?
          • antevāsika towards the teacher
        • what is the difference between the upajjhāya- and the ācariya-vatta?
          • just the name; they are the same
        • cammakkhandhaka-a: 4 teachers
          • pabbajjācariyo: gives the pabbajjā (saraṇadāna) (and sikkhāpadas) (if a monk gives the saraṇadāna under the orders of the upajjhāya, who is the pabbajjācariya?) #q🙋🏼‍♂
            • IIT - Nissayamuttaka Course
            • IIT - Nissayamuttaka Course
          • upasampadācariyo / kammavācācariyo: recites the kammavācā of the upasampadā vinayakamma (byatta paṭibala)
          • nissayācariyo: provides nissaya in the abscence of the upajjhāya (10+ vassa and ācariya qualifications)
          • dhammācariyo / uddesācariyo: teaches the Dhamma and Vinaya (no qualification needed; only mastery of the respective content taught)
            • srtdpn: tattha yena sikkhāpadāni dinnāni, ayaṃ pabbajjācariyo. Yena upasampadakammavācā vuttā, ayaṃ upasampadācariyo. Yo uddesaṃ paripucchaṃ vā deti, ayaṃ dhammācariyoti veditabbaṃ.
            • vsm: kammaṭṭhānācariyā / kammaṭṭhānadāyaka kalyāṇamitta: who gives meditation instructions
              • from whom one should take kammaṭṭhāna
                • Sammāsambuddhoyeva sabbākārasampanno kalyāṇamitto. Tasmā tasmiṃ sati tasseva bhagavato santike gahitakammaṭṭhānaṃ sugahitaṃ hoti. Parinibbute pana tasmiṃ asītiyā mahāsāvakesu yo dharati, tassa santike gahetuṃ vaṭṭati. Tasmiṃ asati yaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetukāmo hoti, tasseva vasena catukkapañcakajjhānāni nibbattetvā jhānapadaṭṭhānaṃ vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā āsavakkhayappattassa khīṇāsavassa santike gahetabbaṃ....Tasmā sace khīṇāsavaṃ labhati, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ, no ce labhati, anāgāmisakadāgāmisotāpannajhānalābhīputhujjanatipiṭakadharadvipiṭakadharaekapiṭakadharesu purimassa purimassa santike. Ekapiṭakadharepi asati yassa ekasaṅgītipi aṭṭhakathāya saddhiṃ paguṇā (memorized / is well-versed in at least one Nikāya + comm.) ayañca lajjī (virtuous) hoti, tassa santike gahetabbaṃ.
          • parivāra-a: ovādācariyo: ovādācariyoti nivāsanapārupanādīsu sekhiyavattesu, ābhisamācārikesu ca ovādako ācariyo
            • IIT - Nissayamuttaka Course
        • how long should one perform duties to each of the teachers
          • pabbajjācariya, upasampadācariya: yāvajīvaṁ, even if nissayamuttaka
          • nissayācariya, dhammācariya: yāva samīpe vasanti
          • note:
            • Pabbajjā-upasampadā-dhammantevāsikehi pana nissayamuttakehipi ādito paṭṭhāya yāva cīvararajanaṃ, tāva vattaṃ kātabbaṃ; anāpucchitvā pattadānādimhi pana etesaṃ anāpatti. Etesu ca pabbajjantevāsiko ca upasampadantevāsiko ca ācariyassa yāvajīvaṃ bhāro. Nissayantevāsiko ca dhammantevāsiko ca yāva samīpe vasanti, tāvadeva. Tasmā ācariyenāpi tesu sammā vattitabbaṃ. Ācariyantevāsikesu hi yo yo na sammā vattati, tassa tassa āpatti (mhv-a) (clarify) #q🙋🏼‍♂
        • dutiyamittasutta (AN) ‒ 7 attributes of friends that should be associated (including teachers)
          • due to virtue
            • piyo ca hoti manāpo ca: pleasing
            • garu ca: worthy of respect
            • bhāvanīyo ca: esteemed
          • related to speech
            • vattā ca: skilled in giving advice and admonishment
              • from vattar: speaker, advisor
            • vacanakkhamo ca: patient with harsh and unpleasant words
            • gambhīrañca kathaṃ kattā hoti: skilled in discoursing on profound topics (jhāna, vipassanā, magga, phala...)
            • no ca aṭṭhāne niyojeti: does not enjoin one to do what is wrong
          • Imehi kho, bhikkhave, sattahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu mitto sevitabbo bhajitabbo payirupāsitabbo api panujjamānenapī”ti
            • panujjamāna [pa + √nud + ya + māna]↔prp. being driving away; being expelled; being forced away #[[pāḷi vocab (3rd year)]]
            • niyojeti↔pr. urges, incites, commits #[[pāḷi vocab (3rd year)]]
            • AN-a 3.162. Vattāti vacanakusalo. Vacanakkhamoti vacanaṃ khamati, dinnaṃ ovādaṃ karoti. Gambhīranti guyhaṃ rahassaṃ jhānanissitaṃ vipassanāmaggaphalanibbānanissitaṃ. AN-ṭ 3.267. Sīlasampattiyā sattānaṃ piyo hoti garu bhāvanīyo codako pāpagarahī vattā vacanakkhamo. sutasampattiyā saccapaṭiccasamuppādādipaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ gambhīrānaṃ kathānaṃ kattā hoti...samannesamāno paññāya sattānaṃ hitāhitaṃ yathābhūtaṃ jānitvā samādhinā tattha ekaggacitto hutvā vīriyena satte ahite nisedhetvā hite niyojeti. Tena vuttaṃ “Piyo…pe… niyojetī”ti
        • additional notes on pabbajeti and upasampādeti
          • Mahavagga-a. 270-271.
            • Na upasampādetabbanti upajjhāyena hutvā na upasampādetabbaṃ.
          • Cūḷavagga-a 8.
            • Tattha na upasampādetabbanti upajjhāyena hutvā na upasampādetabbaṃ, vattaṃ nikkhipitvā pana upasampādetuṃ vaṭṭati.
          • Na sāmaṇeroti añño sāmaṇero na gahetabbo. Upajjhaṃ datvā gahitasāmaṇerāpi vattabbā – "ahaṃ vinayakammaṃ karomi, mayhaṃ vattaṃ mā karotha, mā maṃ gāmappavesanaṃ āpucchathā"ti.
          • Pācityādiyojanā 231.
            • Upasampādetabbanti ettha kammavācācariyena hutvā na upasampādetabbanti āsaṅkā bhaveyyāti āha "upajjhāyena hutvā na upasampādetabba"nti.
          • Mahāvagga-a 248
            • Sace okāso hoti, sayaṃ pabbājetabbo. Sace uddesaparipucchādīhi byāvaṭo hoti, okāsaṃ na labhati, eko daharabhikkhu vattabbo "etaṃ pabbājehī"ti. Avuttopi ce daharabhikkhu upajjhāyaṃ uddissa pabbājeti, vaṭṭati. Sace daharabhikkhu natthi, sāmaṇeropi vattabbo "etaṃ khaṇḍasīmaṃ netvā pabbājetvā kāsāyāni acchādetvā ehī"ti. Saraṇāni pana sayaṃ dātabbāni. Evaṃ bhikkhunāva pabbajito hoti. Purisañhi bhikkhuto añño pabbājetuṃ na labhati, mātugāmaṃ bhikkhunito añño. Sāmaṇero pana sāmaṇerī vā āṇattiyā kāsāyāni dātuṃ labhati. Kesoropanaṃ yena kenaci kataṃ sukataṃ.
            • . Saraṇāni pana sayaṃ dātabbāni refers to sāmaṇera’s incident.
          • Mahāvagga Pāli
            • Chahi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgatena bhikkhunā na upasampādetabbaṃ, na nissayo dātabbo, na sāmaṇero upaṭṭhāpetabbo…ūnadasavasso hoti. 94. Here, it is not mentioned as pabbājetabbo. Therefore, if the teacher commands the young monk to give saraṇadāna, it seems to be no offense.
          • Sāratthadīpanī ṭīkā
            • Sayaṃ pabbājetabboti kesacchedanādīni sayaṃ karontena pabbājetabbo. Kesacchedanaṃ kāsāyacchādanaṃ saraṇadānanti hi imāni tīṇi karonto "pabbājetī"ti vuccati. Etesu ekaṃ dve vāpi karonto tathā voharīyatiyeva, tasmā etaṃ pabbājehīti kesacchedanaṃ kāsāyacchādanañca sandhāya vuttaṃ. 3.201.
          • Vimativinodanī ṭīkā
            • Sayaṃ pabbājetabboti ettha "kesamassuṃ ohāretvā"tiādivacanato kesacchedanakāsāyacchādanasaraṇadānāni pabbajjā nāma, tesu pacchimadvayaṃ bhikkhūhi eva kātabbaṃ, kāretabbaṃ vā. "pabbājehī"ti idaṃ tividhampi sandhāya vuttaṃ. Khaṇḍasīmaṃ netvāti bhaṇḍukammārocanapariharaṇatthaṃ. Bhikkhūnañhi anārocetvā ekasīmāya "etassa kese chindā"ti aññaṃ āṇāpetumpi na vaṭṭati. Pabbājetvāti kesādicchedanameva sandhāya vuttaṃ "kāsāyāni acchādetvā"ti visuṃ vuttattā. Pabbājetuṃ na labhatīti saraṇadānaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, anupasampannena bhikkhuāṇattiyā dinnampi saraṇaṃ na ruhati. 2.94.
          • Sayadaw Jankābhivaṃsa’s opinion
            • He also stated two statements provided in both tīkās. Pabbājehī refers to giving a command to upasampadā bhikku. According to Vimativinodanī ṭīkā statement, if a young bhikkhu is competent (byatta, paṭibala) enough, it is okay to give saraṇadāna on behalf of a preceptor. (Mahāvagga bhāsāṭīka 1.59-60)
    • upajjhāya #edited
      • background
        • monks without teachers behaved and wore robes improperly, requested for food, ate noisily; people criticized; the Buddha introduced the preceptors
      • upajjhāya (definition)
        • vajjāvajje upanijjhāyatīti upajjhāyo (one who reflects on what is blameworthy and praiseworthy); a teacher of at least 10 vassa who corrects the errors and guides the disciple
        • nijjhāyati [ni + √jhā + ya + ti]→1 pr. (+acc) meditates; reflects; considers; ponders (over) ; 2 pr. (+acc) overthinks; frets; worries; (comm) thinks continuously #[[pāḷi vocab (3rd year)]]
      • allowance for the upajjhāya + attitude ‒ Anujānāmi, bhikkhave...upajjhāyo...saddhivihāriko...evaṁ te aññamaññaṁ...
        • Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, upajjhāyaṃ. #[[anuññā ]]
        • Upajjhāyo, bhikkhave, saddhivihārikamhi puttacittaṃ upaṭṭhapessati, saddhivihāriko upajjhāyamhi pitucittaṃ upaṭṭhapessati. Evaṃ te aññamaññaṃ sagāravā sappatissā sabhāgavuttino viharantā imasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuḍḍhiṃ viruḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjissanti.
          • sappatissa [sa + pati + √su + a]↔adj. agreeable; respectful; deferential; polite; obedient; lit. listening back
          • sabhāgavuttī [sabhāga + vuttī]↔adj. having a common livelihood
          • vuttī [√vatt + ī]↔adj. with livelihood; with practice; with way of life; 1 fem. livelihood; way of being; way of life; behaviour; 2 fem. (gram) prosody
      • upajjhāyaggāha
        • IIT - Nissayamuttaka Course
      • saddhivihārika
        • a sāmaṇera / upa living under and receiving admonishent and guidance from an upajjhāya
      • upajjhāyavatta
        • classification of duties according to mv-bhāsa-ṭ
          • morning duties
            • rise before dawn
            • attend to the needs of the upajjhāya per his preferences
            • first three days:
              • 3 size dantapona
              • hot and cool water for washing the face; consider the weather and health conditions
              • nowadays: not essential daily
            • later: according to his preference
            • prepare seats
            • clean facilities
            • offer items such as porridge or rice
            • wash and store dishes / cutlery
            • put away the seat
          • alms
            • before alms round
              • arrange robe
              • saguṇaṃ katvā saṅghāṭiyo dātabbā (having folded [2 robes] together, the saṅghāṭis should be given)
                • srtdpn: the term saṅghāṭi can apply to any robe
                  • dve cīvarānīti pārupanaṃ saṅghāṭiñca sandhāya vadati (the term "two robes" refers to the outer robe and the saṅghāṭi)
                  • yadi evaṃ ‘saṅghāṭiyo’ti kasmā vuttanti āha, ‘sabbañhi cīvaraṃ saṅghaṭitattā saṅghāṭīti vuccati’ti (it is called saṅghāṭi because all robe pieces are sewn together)
                • note: there is no explicit rule against entering a village wearing only one upper robe
                  • SL: both uttara and saṅghāṭi are used
                  • Mm and Th: one robe with the saṅghāṭi on the shoulder
              • wash bowl (without wiping it inside)
              • get ready and go along if the preceptor wishes
            • during alms round
              • walk neither too far nor too close: 1 / 2 steps behind
              • hold the bowl if it is heavy / hot, giving one's own bowl in exchange
              • don't interrupt while the preceptor speaks (anywhere)
                • mhv: na upajjhāyassa bhaṇamānassa antarantarā kathā opātetabbāti antaraghare vā aññatra vā bhaṇamānassa aniṭṭhite tassa vacane aññā kathā na samuṭṭhāpetabbā (the commentary explains that the disciple should not interrupt the preceptor in the monastery or the village) #nakāras
                  • opātetabba↔ptp. will prompt; will interrupt #[[pāḷi vocab (3rd year)]]
                  • aniṭṭhita↔adj. unfinished, not completed #[[pāḷi vocab (3rd year)]]
                  • samuṭṭhāpeti↔pr. raises, produces, originates #[[pāḷi vocab (3rd year)]]
                  • antarantarā [antara + antara + ā] ~ 1↔ind. now and then; occasionally; lit. in-between in-between; 2 ind. amidst all this #[[pāḷi vocab (3rd year)]]
              • respectfully correct him (anywhere) when he is behaving inappropriately, close to an offense‒“Venerable Sir, it is not appropriate to speak in this way"
            • after the alms round
              • after alms, prepare a seat and water for washing the feet
              • receive him on his path, take his bowl and robe
              • offer drinking water / gilampasa
              • take lower robe, offer a new one, briefly sun the first (not for long‒na ca uṇhe cīvaraṁ nidhahitabbaṁ [robes should not be left in the heat]) #nakāras
              • fold it (varying the place of the fold 4 aṅguli to avoid weakening it) (not essential nowadays)
              • store the robe; place it on a pole / line with the folded end of the robe (orato bhogaṁ) hanging down on the opposite side of the wall, while the edge of the robe (pārato antaṁ) hangs down towards the wall to prevent damage to the robe / wall
            • while eating
              • offer water and food
              • wait until the teacher finishes the meal (if there is enough time); otherwise, one should serve the teacher and begin eating
              • wash utensils and containers
              • eat
              • sun the bowl, but not for too long
                • na ca uṇhe patto nidhātabbo (mhv) #nakāras
              • store the bowl
                • Na ca anantarahitāya bhūmiyā patto nikkhittabbo (should not be placed on the ground with stones, pebbles, or soil, dirt; but on clean ground, clay, lime plaster, covering, cement, tiles... is ok) #nakāras
          • while bathing
            • provide hot / cold water as desired by the teacher
            • carry a bathing cloth, towel, and soap
            • (if needed) support in bathing and rubbing the body
            • finish first and help the teacher afterwards
            • wipe the preceptor’s body
            • bring things back and store them
            • same for the sauna
          • learning the Dhamma
            • mhv: sace uddisāpetukāmo (willing to teach [the Pāḷi] / make one recite) hoti uddisitabbo (it should be done). sace paripucchitukāmo (willing to teach the commentary) hoti paripucchitabbo.
            • uddesa: Pāḷi paripucchā: comm.
          • facilities
            • lodgings/room/cell
              • explained under senāsanavatta
            • bathrooms
              • explained under vaccakuṭivatta
          • sewing and washing robes
            • sew / mend his robes if needed; if not capable, get it sewn
            • wash, dry, store his robe
            • prepare and dye his robes if needed;
            • after dyeing, hang it up and stay there turning it over periodically until it stops dripping (na ca accinne ṭheve pakkamitabbaṁ [mhv]) #nakāras
            • if the preceptor does it, one should assist
          • associating others
            • na upajjhāyaṃ anāpucchā (without his permission) ekaccassa (to someone else) patto dātabbotiādi (patta, etc should not be given) sabbaṃ (all of this) upajjhāyassa visabhāgapuggalavasena (concerning a person in opposition to the up.) kathitaṃ (this is spoken of) [mhv-a] #nakāras
              • what is a visabhāgapuggala?
                • visabhāgapuggalānanti lajjino vā alajjino vā upajjhāyassa avaḍḍhikāme (wishing the stagnation / decline of the up.) sandhāya (connected with) vuttaṃ. (vmtvndn-ṭ)
                • 2 characteristics of an enemy
                  • expects his decline
                  • not happy with his success
              • does this apply to any student of the upajjhāya?
                • nissayamuttakas do not entail an offense
            • do not accept them either
            • do not give / receive alms, shave, massage, assist, travel with, invite (maybe paying respect as well)
            • what can one do if the upajjhāya is alajji and does not accept admonishment?
              • sace pana upajjhāyo alajjī ovādampi na gaṇhāti lajjino ca etassa visabhāgā honti, tattha upajjhāyaṃ vihāya (abandoning) lajjīheva saddhiṃ (only with modest) āmisādiparibhogo kātabbo (the sharing of requisites, etc., can be done). upajjhāyādibhāvo hettha na pamāṇanti daṭṭhabbaṃ (the state of up., etc., should not be seen as a limitation here [one should not be required to remain with a preceptor who does not respect and follow the monastic code])
                • vihāya [vi + √hā + ya]↔ger. (+acc) leaving behind; abandoning; giving up
          • vinayakamma
            • encourage to undertake / participate in the purification of up.'s sīla
            • try to prevent / lighten punishments the saṅgha may do towards the up. such as tajjanīya (condemnation), niyassa (demotion), pabbājaniya (banishment), paṭisāraṇiya (reconciliation), ukkhepanīya (ejection)
            • support the up. during the procedures
          • regarding the noble life
            • remove / have sb remove dissatisfaction, doubt, or wrong views of the up. by teaching dhamma
          • during sickness
            • provide medicine, suitable food, care, attention
            • the value of tending to the sick
              • Natthi vo, bhikkhave, mātā, natthi pitā, ye vo upaṭṭhaheyyuṃ. Tumhe ce, bhikkhave, aññamaññaṃ na upaṭṭhahissatha, atha ko carahi upaṭṭhahissati? Yo, bhikkhave, maṃ upaṭṭhaheyya so gilānaṃ upaṭṭhaheyya. Sace upajjhāyo...ācariyo...saddhivihāriko...antevāsiko...samānupajjhāyako...samānācariyako hoti, samānācariyakena yāvajīvaṃ upaṭṭhātabbo, vuṭṭhānamassa āgametabbaṃ. Sace na hoti upajjhāyo vā ācariyo vā saddhivihāriko vā antevāsiko vā samānupajjhāyako vā samānācariyako vā saṅghena upaṭṭhātabbo. No ce upaṭṭhaheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. (is this a nakāra?) #nakāras #q🙋🏼‍♂
              • Tattha upajjhāyo tāva gilāno sace lahuṃ na vuṭṭhāti, yāvajīvampi paṭijaggitabbo. Tathā pabbajjācariyo upasampadācariyo saddhivihāriko upasampāditapabbājitaantevāsikasamānupajjhāyakā ca. Nissayācariyauddesācariyanissayantevāsikauddesantevāsikasamānācariyakā pana yāva nissayauddesā anupacchinnā, tāva paṭijaggitabbā. Pahontena tato uddhampi paṭijaggitabbā.
            • 6 qualities of a nurse / upaṭṭhāka
              • paṭibalo hoti bhesajjaṁ saṁvidhātuṁ
              • sappāyasappāyaṁ jānāti
              • asappāyaṁ apanāmeti sappāyaṁ upanāmeti
              • mettacitto gilānaṁ upaṭṭhāti no āmisantaro
              • ajegucchī hoti uccāraṁ vā passāvaṁ vā kheḷaṁ vā vantaṁ (vomit) vā nīhātuṁ (to clean)
              • paṭibalo hoti gilānaṁ kālena kālaṁ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetuṁ samādapetuṁ samuttejetuṁ sampahaṁsetuṁ - He is capable of giving timely Dhamma talks to the sick monk, to guide, inspire, uplift, and comfort them
              • mem aid: preparing medicine, knowing suitable / unsuitable, removing unsuitable and giving suitable, mettā, not disgusted, dhamma talk
          • going outside the monastery
            • na upajjhāyaṃ anāpucchā gāmo pavisitabboti piṇḍāya vā aññena vā karaṇīyena pavisitukāmena āpucchitvāva pavisitabbo. (mhv-a) #nakāras
            • upacārasīmato bahi gantukāmena anāpucchā gantuṃ na vaṭṭati. (vmtvndn)
              • upacārasīmato: monastery boundary
              • does this apply to all students?
                • only to amuttakas; muttakas do not need it
              • in case the teacher is absent
                • if the preceptor is absent, he should give permission before leaving; without permission, disciples should look for the teacher and if he is not in the monastery, they can go for alms;
                • if the preceptor is met on the way, permission should be gotten;
                • if general permission was given for alms and other daily activities, daily permission seems not be needed (discussion topic);
                • going to / dwelling in the cemetery requires permission
                • how many times can permission be asked?
                  • permission should be asked up to 3 times; if not granted, one should not go
            • not receiving education, practical / meditative instruction, and the teacher showing no concern, it is acceptable to leave without informing (vanapatthasutta)
              • vanapatthasutta: when living in a place / with a person with which one develops dhammically, one should remain there; if not developing, one should leave; regardless of the accessibility of requisites
        • dukkaṭa in the khandhaka (mhv-a)
          • yattha yattha nakārena...
            • ...paṭisedho (prohibition) kariyati, sabbattha dukkaṭāpatti veditabbā. ayañhi khandhakadhammatā. (in khandhaka, what is prohibited with the prefix “na” ⇒ dkṭ)
            • vjrbd: kiṃ sabbattha dukkaṭāpattīti? Āma. Yattha aṭṭhakathāya nayo na dassito, tattha sabbattha. (when a monk does not perform cāritta duties due to anādariya, without having a proper reason such as sickness, that entails a dukkaṭa offense)
          • until what vassa should one perform duties to the upajjhāya
            • agilānena hi saddhivihārikena saṭṭhivassenāpi sabbaṃ upajjhāyavattaṃ kātabbaṃ (mhv-a)
          • is it an offense to not do a nakārapaṭisamyutta pada when sick?
            • nakārapaṭisaṃyuttesu pana padesu gilānassāpi paṭikkhittakiriyaṃ karontassa dukkaṭameva. (mhv-a) (seems not to apply to the duties towards the teacher; confirm) #q🙋🏼‍♂
            • under upajjhāyavatta, being sick is anāpatti
          • in which cases breaking a nakārapaṭisaṁyutta pada is / is not an offense (vmtvndn)?
            • anāpatti
              • āpadāsu
              • ummatta
              • khittacitta
              • vedanaṭṭa
              • ādī (what is ādi here?) #q🙋🏼‍♂
              • if sick (cāritta under upajjhāyavatta)
              • if nissayamuttaka
                • (giving patta to visabhāgapuggala of upajjhāya)
                • (needing permission to enter the village)
            • dkṭ even if sick or even if one does not know
            • note: the above comes under "Na upajjhāyassa bhaṇamānassa antarantarā kathā opātetabbā", but applies to other situations #nakāras
              • opātetabba→ptp. will prompt; will interrupt
          • is it an offense to overstep the nakārapaṭisamyuttapada with upajjhāya's approval?
            • no, it should be thoroughly investigated
              • Na hi vārittassa anumati (consent) anāpattikarā (not make a non-offense) hoti, evaṃ santepi (in this case) vicāretvā (having investigated) gahetabbaṃ (should be taken, decided) (vjrbd) (the approval by the preceptor or teacher for actions prohibited by the Buddha does not constitute a justification for non-offense. It should be decided after a thorough investigation) #nakāras
        • not performing duties
          • are the duties to upajjhāya nakāra?
            • yes; rule
              • mhv: Na, bhikkhave, saddhivihārikena upajjhāyamhi na sammā vattitabbaṃ (duties should be performed). Yo na sammā vatteyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. #nakāras
          • in which cases not doing duties (in general) is / is not an offense? (vmtvndn:)
            • dkṭ
              • mānakosajjādivasena vā (due to pride, laziness, etc)
              • upajjhāyādīsu anādarena vā (disrespect for the upajjhāya, etc)
              • “akātuṃ na vaṭṭatī”ti ajānanatāya vā (not knowing that it is not suitable not to do it) na kareyya, dukkaṭameva.
            • anāpatti
              • asañcicca (unintentionally)
              • asatiyātiādīhi (forgetfulness, etc) ca akarontassa (for one who does not do) pana anāpatti. (only applied to cāritta, not to vāritta)
              • if one is sick
              • if one has been dismissed by the teacher or by other disciples who undertook the duties
          • do the duties apply to nissayamuttaka monks?
            • both nissaya muttaka and amuttaka saddhivihārika
            • giving robes or other requisites to a visabhāga (enemy) monk or going to villages without informing the preceptor leads to offenses only for amuttaka
    • saddhivihārika and antevāsika #edited
      • saddhivihārika- and antevāsika-vattas are the duties done by whom to whom?
        • saddhivihārikavatta are the duties done by the upajjhāya towards the saddhivihārika (disciple sāmaṇera / upa)
        • antevāsikavatta are the duties done by the ācariya towards their antevāsika (disciple sāmaṇera / upa)
      • saddhivihārika↔sāmaṇera / upa who resides under the guidance of an upajjhāya
        • for how long one is upajjhāya
          • of sāmaṇera: may change when changing monastery, etc.
          • of upa: for life
      • antevāsika↔sāmaṇera / upa who resides under the guidance of an ācariya
        • antevāsika can be classified according to the teacher one is under
          • pabbajjantevāsika
          • upasampadantevāsika
          • nissayantevāsika
          • dhammantevāsika
          • ācariyantevāsika
      • anādariyaṃ paṭicca dhammāmisehi asaṅgaṇhantānaṃ ācariyupajjhāyānaṃ dukkaṭaṃ vattabhedattā. (vmtvndn) if, due to disrespect, the upajjhāya / ācariya fail to support the saddhivihārika / antevāsika materially / dhammically: vattabhedadukkaṭa (vmtvndn)
      • saddhivihārika- and antevāsika-vatta
        • providing requisites (bowl, robe, etc.) if available; if not, trying to obtain them
          • sace upajjhāyassa patto hoti, saddhivihārikassa patto na hoti, upajjhāyena saddhivihārikassa patto dātabbo, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saddhivihārikassa patto uppajjiyethāti. Sace upajjhāyassa cīvaraṃ hoti...parikkhāro hoti...
        • offering guidance ‒ Upajjhāyena, bhikkhave, saddhivihāriko saṅgahetabbo (supported) anuggahetabbo (fostered) uddesena paripucchāya ovādena anusāsaniyā. (mhv)
          • teaching
            • explaining the meanings
            • recitation, questioning
          • correcting, admonishing with ovāda and anusāsanī
            • what differs bw ovāda and anusāsanī
              • ovāda: preemptive advice (before offenses) / initial admonishment
              • anusāsanī: post-offense admonition / repeated guidance
              • note: (mhv-a) Ovādoti anotiṇṇe vatthusmiṃ "idaṃ karohi, idaṃ mā karitthā"ti vacanaṃ. Anusāsanīti otiṇṇe vatthusmiṃ. Api ca otiṇṇe vā anotiṇṇe vā paṭhamaṃ vacanaṃ ovādo, punappunaṃ vacanaṃ anusāsanīti.
        • removing dissatisfaction / doubt / views through teaching oneself or, if unable, through another
        • teaching basic skills (cut, sew, dye...)
        • nursing, providing medicine, food, washing robes, etc
        • can duties (in general) be delegated / excused?
          • yes, to a learned and capable monk, which frees the mentor from the duties and offenses for not doing them
          • if the mentor has an attendant and dismisses one, or if one disciple undertakes the duties and dismisses one, there is no offense for one not performing duties
          • jnk: strongly disagrees with the modern practice of relinquishing duties in Myanmar bc it was not intended by the B and hurts the development of both
          • note:
            • (mhv-a) saddhivihārikā sammā vattanti, upajjhāyo sammā na vattati, upajjhāyassa āpatti. Upajjhāyo sammā vattati, saddhivihārikā sammā na vattanti, tesaṃ āpatti. Upajjhāye vattaṃ sādiyante saddhivihārikā bahukāpi honti, sabbesaṃ āpatti. Sace upajjhāyo "mayhaṃ upaṭṭhāko atthi, tumhe attano sajjhāyamanasikārādīsu yogaṃ karothā"ti vadati, saddhivihārikānaṃ anāpatti. Sace upajjhāyo sādiyanaṃ vā asādiyanaṃ vā na jānāti, bālo hoti, saddhivihārikā bahukā. Tesu eko vattasampanno bhikkhu "upajjhāyassa kiccaṃ ahaṃ karissāmi, tumhe appossukkā viharathā"ti evañce attano bhāraṃ katvā itare vissajjeti, tassa bhārakaraṇato paṭṭhāya tesaṃ anāpatti.
  • pali and comm. of vaccakuṭivatta
    • a brahmin monk did not wash himself after pooping and had a worm; rule:
      • "na, bhikkhave, vaccaṃ katvā sati udake nācametabbaṃ. yo nācameyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā"ti.
        • “when there is water available, you should rinse after defecating. if you don’t, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.”
    • "na, bhikkhave, vaccakuṭiyā yathāvuḍḍhaṃ vacco kātabbo. yo kareyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āgatapaṭipāṭiyā vaccaṃ kātu"nti.
      • “the restroom should not be used according to seniority. if you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct. you should use the restroom according to the order of arrival.”
    • vatta ‒ "tena hi, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ vaccakuṭivattaṃ paññapessāmi yathā bhikkhūhi vaccakuṭiyā sammā vattitabbaṃ. (“well then, i will lay down the proper conduct in regard to restrooms.)
      • yo vaccakuṭiṁ gacchati tena bahi ṭhitena ukkāsitabbaṁ.
        • when a monk goes to the restroom, he should stand outside and clear his throat.
      • anto nisinnenapi ukkāsitabbaṁ.
        • anyone sitting inside should also clear his throat.
      • cīvaravaṁse vā cīvararajjuyā vā cīvaraṁ nikkhipitvā sādhukaṁ ataramānena vaccakuṭi pavisitabbā.
        • after hanging his robe from a bamboo robe rack or a clothesline, he should enter the restroom carefully and without hurry.
      • nātisahasā pavisitabbā.
        • he should not enter the restroom too hastily;
      • na ubbhajitvā pavisitabbā.
        • he should not pull up his robe before he has entered;
      • vaccapādukāya ṭhitena ubbhajitabbaṁ.
        • he should pull up his robe when he is standing on the foot-stands for defecating;
      • na nitthunantena vacco kātabbo.
        • he should not groan while defecating;
      • na dantakaṭṭhaṁ khādantena vacco kātabbo.
        • he should not clean his teeth while defecating;
        • na dantakaṭṭhaṃ khādantenāti ayaṃ vaccakuṭiyāpi avaccakuṭiyāpi sabbattheva paṭikkhepo.Na pharusena kaṭṭhenāti phālitakaṭṭhena vā kharena vā gaṇṭhikena vā kaṇṭakena vā susirena vā pūtinā vā na avalekhitabbaṃ. Avalekhanakaṭṭhaṃ pana aggahetvā paviṭṭhassa āpatti natthi.
          • Concerning the latrine duties – not while chewing a toothpick this prohibition applies everywhere, both inside and outside the latrine. Not with rough wood one should not scrape with split wood or rough wood or knotted wood or thorny wood or hollow wood or rotten wood. But there is no offense for one who enters without taking a scraping stick.
      • na bahiddhā vaccadoṇikāya vacco kātabbo.
        • he should not defecate outside the toilet;
      • na bahiddhā passāvadoṇikāya passāvo kātabbo.
        • he should not urinate outside the urinal;
      • na passāvadoṇikāya kheḷo kātabbo.
        • he should not spit in the urinal;
      • na pharusena kaṭṭhena avalekhitabbaṁ.
        • he should not use coarse wiping sticks;
      • na avalekhanakaṭṭhaṁ vaccakūpamhi pātetabbaṁ.
        • he should not throw the wiping sticks in the cesspit;
      • vaccapādukāya ṭhitena paṭicchādetabbaṁ.
        • he should cover himself while still standing on the foot-stands for defecating;
      • nātisahasā nikkhamitabbaṁ.
        • he should not leave the restroom too hastily;
      • na ubbhajitvā nikkhamitabbaṁ.
        • he should not come out with his robe still pulled up;
      • ācamanapādukāya ṭhitena ubbhajitabbaṁ.
        • he should pull up his robe when standing on the foot-stands for rinsing;
      • na capucapukārakaṁ ācametabbaṁ.
        • he should not make a chomping sound while rinsing;
      • na ācamanasarāvake udakaṁ sesetabbaṁ.
        • he should not leave water in the scoop for rinsing;
        • a small container used to scoop water from a bigger container; the big one should be refilled; here the small is meant;
        • comm.
          • Na ācamanasarāvaketi sabbasādhāraṇaṭṭhānaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. Tatra hi aññe aññe āgacchanti, tasmā udakaṃ na sesetabbaṃ. Yaṃ pana saṅghikepi vihāre ekadese nibaddhagamanatthāya kataṃ ṭhānaṃ hoti puggalikaṭṭhānaṃ vā, tasmiṃ vaṭṭati. Virecanaṃ pivitvā punappunaṃ pavisantassāpi vaṭṭatiyeva.
            • Not in the rinsing pot this is said referring to a place common to all. For indeed, others come and go there, therefore water should not be left over. But in a monastery which is also communal, a place made in one part for the purpose of regular use, or a place that is private, that is proper. It is indeed proper even for one repeatedly entering after drinking a purgative.
      • ācamanapādukāya ṭhitena paṭicchādetabbaṁ.
        • he should cover himself while still standing on the foot-stands for rinsing.
      • sace vaccakuṭi uhatā hoti, dhovitabbā.
        • if the restroom is stained by feces, he should clean it.
        • Ūhatāti ūhaditā; bahi vaccamakkhitāti attho. Dhovitabbāti udakaṃ āharitvā dhovitabbā. Udakaṃ atthi, bhājanaṃ natthi, asantaṃ nāma hoti. Bhājanaṃ atthi, udakaṃ natthi, etampi asantaṃ. Ubhaye pana asati asantameva, kaṭṭhena vā kenaci vā puñchitvā gantabbaṃ. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.
          • Ūhatā means ūhaditā; meaning smeared with excrement outside. Should be washed means it should be washed bringing water. There is water, but there is no container, it is as if there is nothing. There is a container, but there is no water, this too is as if there is nothing. But when both are absent, it is indeed as if there is nothing, one should wipe it with a stick or something and go. The rest is obvious everywhere.
      • sace avalekhanapidharo pūro hoti, avalekhanakaṭṭhaṁ chaḍḍetabbaṁ.
        • if the wiping-stick container is full, he should discard the wiping sticks.
      • sace vaccakuṭi uklāpā hoti, vaccakuṭi sammajjitabbā.
        • if the restroom is dirty, he should sweep it.
      • sace paribhaṇḍaṁ uklāpaṁ hoti, paribhaṇḍaṁ sammajjitabbaṁ.
        • if the area immediately outside the restroom is dirty, he should sweep it.
      • sace pariveṇaṁ uklāpaṁ hoti, pariveṇaṁ sammajjitabbaṁ.
        • if the precincts are dirty, he should sweep them.
      • sace koṭṭhako uklāpo hoti, koṭṭhako sammajjitabbo.
        • if the gateway is dirty, he should sweep it.
      • sace ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṁ na hoti, ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṁ āsiñcitabbaṁ.
        • if there is no water in the pot for rinsing water, he should fill it.
      • idaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṁ vaccakuṭivattaṁ yathā bhikkhūhi vaccakuṭiyā sammā vattitabban”ti.
        • this is the proper conduct in regard to restrooms.”
  • extra notes:
    • maghadevasutta (MN)
      • Taṁ vo ahaṁ, ānanda, evaṁ vadāmi ‘yena me idaṁ kalyāṇaṁ vattaṁ nihitaṁ anuppavatteyyātha, mā kho me tumhe antimapurisā ahuvattha’. ‘You all should keep up this good practice that I have founded. Do not be my final men.’ Yasmiṁ kho, ānanda, purisayuge vattamāne evarūpassa kalyāṇassa vattassa samucchedo hoti so tesaṁ antimapuriso hoti. When a pair of men are living, the one who breaks such good practice is their final man. Taṁ vo ahaṁ, ānanda, evaṁ vadāmi: ‘yena me idaṁ kalyāṇaṁ vattaṁ nihitaṁ anuppavatteyyātha, mā kho me tumhe antimapurisā ahuvatthā’”ti.
    • 
    • some people think that parivāra is a later text, not the Buddha's words, but it includes some teachings that are not found in other places
    • performing duties to juniors does not appear as an offense, only bowing down (what about doing añjali to juniors when they are not teaching, and what about such signs of respect that are not bowing down done towards the laity?) #q🙋🏼‍♂
    • vadanti vara: when it is said keci vadanti, or vadanti, it normally means the weaker opinion; sometimes kecivāda is strong;
    • can the word saṅghāṭi be used for the lower robe? #q🙋🏼‍♂
    • why SL monks made Buddha Jayanti version? they were not satisfied with the 6 saṅgāyana's version. (doesn't that break the samaggī and authority of the council? wouldn't it be better to follow the council's version?) #q🙋🏼‍♂
    • about robes
      • not sitting on the saṅghāṭi on the village
        • sekhiya rule of not lifting the robe contradicts this idea
        • sanghati as bedsheet seems ok in the village
        • please use this house as a monastery, as you like; anāpatti vāsatthāya; at least half a day; otherwise, should be covered
    • king devanam piyatissa under the guidance of mahathera; they made pillars; pagodas and lakes in anuradhapura; british came; 3 types of roads well maintained; monastery structure (2 types (acc. to professor bandara nayaka [archeologist]): organic (natural, based on caves, etc), well constructed (mahāvihāra, abhayagiri, jetavana)); in the center, there r 4 buildings (pagoda, bodhi, shrine, sannipātasālā [appears in the āgantukavatta]); roads spread in the 4 directions; (500 acres each monastery); dining hall in one corner (bhattagga); stone boat of 45 ft. (the biggest) (doṇi); can cater thousands of monks; on each section of the monastery there are living quarters; in each small living area there is a teacher's kuti surrounded by 4 simpler kutis for disciples; they are built in clusters;
  • final exam
    • final exam question about the section on the duration of āgantuka monk