Part of Niruttidīpaṇī — Part I. Continued in Saññārāsi 2 — Byañjanavuttirāsi & Lahusaññārāsi.

saññārāsi (collection of names)

garusaññārāsi (collection of weighty terms)

garusaññārāsi
map

vaṇṇo

1. aādayo titālīsa(ṃ) vaṇṇā

• atthaṁ vaṇṇenti pakāsentīti vaṇṇā
• nakkharanti khayavayaṃ na gacchantīti akkharā

  saro

2.dasādo sarā

• sayameva laddhasarūpā hutvā rājanti virocentīti sarā

  savaṇṇo

3.dve dve savaṇṇā

• samāno vaṇṇo suti etesan’ti savaṇṇā

  rasso

4.pubbo rasso

• rassakālo nāma akkhidalānaṁ ummisananimmisanasamakālo
• tattha e., o. iti dve ekapadasaṃyoge pare kvaci labbhanti
  • ekapadasaṁyoga
    • ettha
  • padantara- / nānā-saṁyoga
    • maṁ ce tvaṁ nikhaṇaṁ vane

      dīgho

5. paro dīgho

• dighakālo nāma rassehi diguṇakālo

  byañjano

6. kādayo byañjanā

• atthaṁ byañjayantīti byañjanā
  • te pana suddhā addhamattikā,
    rassayuttā diyaddhamattikā,
    dīghayuttā tiyaddhamattikā

    vaggo

7. pañcapañcakā vaggā

• vaggā (25)
  • vagge samūhe niyuttāti vaggā
• avaggā (18)

  niggahītaṃ

8. bindu niggahītaṃ

• niggayha gayhati uccāriyatīti niggahītaṃ

  1. aādayo

• aādayo bindantā tecattālīsakkharā vaṇṇā nāma honti.
• vocab: see the Part I Vocabulary page
• a, ā, i, ī, u, ū, e, ē, o, ō.
  ka, kha, ga, gha, ṅa,
  ca, cha, ja, jha, ña,
  ṭa, ṭha, ḍa, ḍha, ṇa,
  ta, tha, da, dha, na,
  pa, pha, ba, bha, ma,
  ya, ra, la, va, sa, ha, ḷa, aṃ.
• atthaṃ vaṇṇenti pakāsentīti
• vocab: see the Part I Vocabulary page
• akkharāti ca vuccanti, nāmapaññattirūpattā (due to the state of being a name of the sound) (letters are names given to sounds) nakkharanti (do not undergo destruction) khayavayaṃ na gacchantīti
• “rūpaṁ jīrati maccānaṁ
  nāmagottaṁ na jīrati”
  the rūpa of mortal decays,
  names and clans do not decay
• vocab: see the Part I Vocabulary page

  2.dasādo sarā

• Tesu vaṇṇesu ādimhi dasa vaṇṇā sarā nāma honti. Sayameva laddhasarūpā hutvā (having gained their own sound) rājanti virocantīti
  • ratti (f.) (loc. sg.) rattiyaṁ, rattiyā, ratyaṁ, ratto
    ādi (m.) ⇒ (loc. sg.) ādimhi, ādismiṁ, ādo
• short version: sayameva (sa) rājantīti (rā) sarā (sa + rā)
• vocab: see the Part I Vocabulary page

  3.dve dve

• Tesu saresu dve dve sarā savaṇṇā nāma honti.
• A, ā avaṇṇo, i, ī ivaṇṇo, u, ū uvaṇṇo, e, ē evaṇṇo, o, ō ovaṇṇo.
• Samāno vaṇṇo suti etesan’ti
• vocab: see the Part I Vocabulary page

  4.pubbo rasso

• Dvīsu dvīsu savaṇṇesu yo yo pubbo hoti, so so rasso nāma hoti. Rassena kālena vattabbāti rassā, rassakālo nāma akkhidalānaṃ ummisananimmisanasamakālo. (exam)
• vocab: see the Part I Vocabulary page
• Tattha e., o. iti dve ekapadasaṃyoge pare kvaci labbhanti (exam). Eṭṭhi, seṭṭho, oṭṭho, sotthi. Ekapadasaṃyogeti kiṃ? Padantarasaṃyoge pare rassā mā hontūti. Maṃ ce tvaṃ nikhaṇaṃ vane, putto tyāhaṃ mahārāja. Kvacīti kiṃ? Ekapadasaṃyogepi vaggantesu vā ya, ra, la, vesu vā paresu rassā mā hontūti (study). Enti, senti, eyya, bhāseyya, meṇḍo, soṇḍo.
• vagganta: ṅ, ñ, ṇ, n, m
• 2 types of saṁyoga (exam with example)
• ekapadasaṁyoga: when the succeeding conjunct is in the same word - such as in ettha
  • such saṁyoga is pronounced short
• padantara- / nānāpada-saṁyoga: when the succeeding conjunct is in the other term - such as in ce tvaṁ (maṁ ce tvaṁ nikhaṇaṁ vane)
  • such vowel is pronounced long
• note:
  • when can short e and o be found in pāḷi?
• when vaggantas or y / r / l / v are succeeding, the vowel is long - such as bhāseyya (controversial)
  • in kaccāyana if a conjunct succeeds, the e / o are short
  • acaritvā brahmacariyaṁ
    aladdhā yobbane dhanaṁ
    senti cāpā’tikhīṇāva
    purāṇāni anutthunaṁ
• vocab: see the Part I Vocabulary page

  5. paro dīgho

• dvīsu dvīsu savaṇṇesu yo yo paro hoti, so so dīgho nāma hoti. dīghena kālena vattabbāti dīghā, dīghakālo nāma rassehi diguṇakālo. (exam)

  6. kādayo (ka ādayo) byañjanā

• tesu vaṇṇesu kādayo bindantā vaṇṇā byañjanā nāma honti. atthaṃ byañjayantīti byañjanā (exam). te pana suddhā (pure, not mixed) addhamattikā (half measure / mora), rassayuttā (combined with short vowels) diyaddhamattikā (SL diyaḍḍha - 1 1/2), dīghayuttā tiyaddhamattikā (2 1/2).
• mo·ra (môr′ə)
• n. pl. mo·rae (môr′ē) or mo·ras
• 1. The minimal unit of metrical time in quantitative verse, equal to the short syllable.
• 1. Linguistics A unit of phonological quantity based on both vowel quantity and the occurrence of consonants within a given syllable.
• mattāsaddo (the term mattā) accharāsaṅghāta (snapping) akkhinimīlana (blinking) saṅkhātaṁ (called as) kālaṁ vadati (rūpasiddhi)
• ekamatto bhave rasso
  dvimatto dīghamuccate
  timatto tu pluto ñeyyo
  byañjanañcaḍḍhamattikaṁ
  one mora is short, (a)
  two long, (ā)
  three should be known as pluta, (āa)
  and a consonant is half mora (k)
  dūravhāne ca gāne ca
  rodane ca pluto mato
  pluta should be known in three places, far calling, singing and crying
  • note:
    • when a short vowel is at the end of a line of a verse - that is also considered as long
    • ka = 1 1/2 mora
      kā = 2 1/2 mora
• vocab: see the Part I Vocabulary page

  7. pañcapañcakā vaggā

• tesu byañjanesu kādi-mantā (starting with k and ending with m) pañcabyañjanapañcakā (5 pentads of consonants) vaggā nāma honti. kādi pañcako kavaggo, cādi cavaggo, ṭādi ṭavaggo, tādi tavaggo, pādi pavaggo. sesā avaggāti siddhaṃ (18). vaṇṇuddese ekaṭṭhānikānaṃ byañjanānaṃ vagge samūhe niyuttāti (those which are combined into a group) vaggā
• vocab: see the Part I Vocabulary page
• note:
  • why each letter can be called vagga? they can be called so for being part of the vagga (in the sense of ‘part of the group’)
  • when the meaning of a term is not clear, grammarians add another term to clarify it (atthaṁ vaṇṇenti pakāsentīti vaṇṇā)

    8. bindu niggahītaṃ

• ante (at the end) bindumatto (mere dot) vaṇṇo niggahītaṃ nāma. niggayha gayhati uccāriyatīti niggahītaṃ (exam). garusaññārāsi niṭṭhito.
  • in kaccāyana niggahīta is “aṁ” - it is older than moggallāna
  • niggahita uses the nose, ṅ uses throat + nose (confusing)
    • buddhaṁ ghana - saṅgha
• vocab: see the Part I Vocabulary page